dwz

dwz(1)                      General Commands Manual                     dwz(1)

NAME
       dwz - DWARF optimization and duplicate removal tool

SYNOPSIS
       dwz [OPTION...] [FILES]

DESCRIPTION
       dwz  is a program that attempts to optimize DWARF debugging information
       contained in ELF shared libraries and ELF executables for size, by  re-
       placing DWARF information representation with equivalent smaller repre-
       sentation where possible and by reducing the amount of duplication  us-
       ing  techniques  from  DWARF standard appendix E - creating DW_TAG_par-
       tial_unit compilation units (CUs) for duplicated information and  using
       DW_TAG_imported_unit to import it into each CU that needs it.

       The  tool handles DWARF 32-bit format debugging sections of versions 2,
       3 and 4 and GNU extensions on top of those, though  using  DWARF  4  or
       worst case DWARF 3 is strongly recommended.

       The  tool has two main modes of operation, without the -m option it at-
       tempts to optimize DWARF debugging information  in  each  given  object
       (executable  or shared library) individually, with the -m option it af-
       terwards attempts to optimize even more by moving DWARF  debugging  in-
       formation  entries (DIEs), strings and macro descriptions duplicated in
       more than one object into a newly created ELF ET_REL object whose file-
       name  is  given  as -m option argument.  The debug sections in the exe-
       cutables and shared libraries specified on the command  line  are  then
       modified again, referring to the entities in the newly created object.

OPTIONS
       -m FILE --multifile FILE
              Multifile  mode.   After  processing  all  named executables and
              shared libraries, attempt to create ELF object FILE and put  de-
              bugging  information  duplicated  in more than one object there,
              afterwards optimize each named executable or shared library even
              further if possible.

       -h --hardlink
              Look  for  executables  or shared libraries hardlinked together,
              instead of rewriting them individually rewrite just one of  them
              and hardlink the rest to the first one again.

       -M NAME --multifile-name NAME
              Specify  the name of the common file that should be put into the
              .gnu_debugaltlink section alongside with its build ID.   By  de-
              fault dwz puts there the argument of the -m option.

       -r --relative
              Specify  that  the  name  of  the common file to be put into the
              .gnu_debugaltlink section is supposed to be relative  path  from
              the directory containing the executable or shared library to the
              file named in the argument of the -m option.  Either  -M  or  -r
              option can be specified, but not both.

       -q --quiet
              Silence up some of the most common messages.

       -o FILE --output FILE
              This  option  instructs dwz not to overwrite the specified file,
              but instead store the new content into FILE.  Nothing is written
              if  dwz  exits with non-zero exit code.  Can be used only with a
              single executable or shared library (if there are  no  arguments
              at all, a.out is assumed).

       -l <COUNT|none> --low-mem-die-limit <COUNT|none>
              Handle  executables  or  shared  libraries  containing more than
              COUNT debugging information entries in their .debug_info section
              using a slower and more memory usage friendly mode and don't at-
              tempt to optimize that object in multifile mode.  The default is
              10 million DIEs.  There is a risk that for very large amounts of
              debugging information in a single shared library  or  executable
              there  might  not  be enough memory (especially when dwz tool is
              32-bit binary, it might run out  of  available  virtual  address
              space  even  sooner).   Specifying none as argument disables the
              limit.

       -L <COUNT|none> --max-die-limit <COUNT|none>
              Don't attempt to optimize executables or shared  libraries  con-
              taining  more than COUNT DIEs at all.  The default is 50 million
              DIEs.  Specifying none as argument disables the limit.

       -? --help
              Print short help and exit.

       -v --version
              Print version number and short licensing notice and exit.

ARGUMENTS
       Command-line arguments should be the executables, shared  libraries  or
       their stripped to file separate debug information objects.

EXAMPLES
              $ dwz -m .dwz/foobar-1.2.debug -rh \
                bin/foo.debug bin/foo2.debug foo/lib/libbar.so.debug
       will  attempt  to  optimize  debugging  information  in  bin/foo.debug,
       bin/foo2.debug and  lib/libbar.so.debug  (by  modifying  the  files  in
       place) and when beneficial also will create .dwz/foobar-1.2.debug file.
       .gnu_debugaltlink  section  in  the  first  two  files  will  refer  to
       ../.dwz/foobar-1.2.debug  and  in  the  last  file  to  ../../.dwz/foo-
       bar-1.2.debug.   If  e.g.   bin/foo.debug   and   bin/foo2.debug   were
       hardlinked  together  initially,  they will be hardlinked again and for
       multifile optimizations considered just as a single  file  rather  than
       two.
              $ dwz -o foo.dwz foo
       will not modify foo but instead store the ELF object with optimized de-
       bugging information if successful into foo.dwz file it creates.
              $ dwz *.debug foo/*.debug
       will attempt to optimize debugging information in *.debug and foo/*.de-
       bug files, optimizing each file individually in place.
              $ dwz
       is equivalent to dwz a.out command.

SEE ALSO
       http://dwarfstd.org/doc/DWARF4.pdf , gdb(1).

AUTHORS
       Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>.

                                 15 June 2012                           dwz(1)