od

OD(1)                            User Commands                           OD(1)

NAME
       od - dump files in octal and other formats

SYNOPSIS
       od [OPTION]... [FILE]...
       od [-abcdfilosx]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b]]
       od --traditional [OPTION]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b] [+][LABEL][.][b]]

DESCRIPTION
       Write an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of FILE to
       standard output.  With more than one FILE argument, concatenate them in
       the listed order to form the input.

       With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

       If  first  and second call formats both apply, the second format is as-
       sumed if the last operand begins with + or (if there are 2 operands)  a
       digit.  An OFFSET operand means -j OFFSET.  LABEL is the pseudo-address
       at first byte printed, incremented when dump is progressing.  For  OFF-
       SET and LABEL, a 0x or 0X prefix indicates hexadecimal; suffixes may be
       . for octal and b for multiply by 512.

       Mandatory arguments to long options are  mandatory  for  short  options
       too.

       -A, --address-radix=RADIX
              output format for file offsets; RADIX is one of [doxn], for Dec-
              imal, Octal, Hex or None

       --endian={big|little}
              swap input bytes according the specified order

       -j, --skip-bytes=BYTES
              skip BYTES input bytes first

       -N, --read-bytes=BYTES
              limit dump to BYTES input bytes

       -S BYTES, --strings[=BYTES]
              output strings of at least BYTES graphic  chars;  3  is  implied
              when BYTES is not specified

       -t, --format=TYPE
              select output format or formats

       -v, --output-duplicates
              do not use * to mark line suppression

       -w[BYTES], --width[=BYTES]
              output  BYTES bytes per output line; 32 is implied when BYTES is
              not specified

       --traditional
              accept arguments in third form above

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

   Traditional format specifications may be intermixed; they accumulate:
       -a     same as -t a,  select named characters, ignoring high-order bit

       -b     same as -t o1, select octal bytes

       -c     same as -t c,  select printable characters or backslash escapes

       -d     same as -t u2, select unsigned decimal 2-byte units

       -f     same as -t fF, select floats

       -i     same as -t dI, select decimal ints

       -l     same as -t dL, select decimal longs

       -o     same as -t o2, select octal 2-byte units

       -s     same as -t d2, select decimal 2-byte units

       -x     same as -t x2, select hexadecimal 2-byte units

   TYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications:
       a      named character, ignoring high-order bit

       c      printable character or backslash escape

       d[SIZE]
              signed decimal, SIZE bytes per integer

       f[SIZE]
              floating point, SIZE bytes per float

       o[SIZE]
              octal, SIZE bytes per integer

       u[SIZE]
              unsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer

       x[SIZE]
              hexadecimal, SIZE bytes per integer

       SIZE is a number.   For  TYPE  in  [doux],  SIZE  may  also  be  C  for
       sizeof(char),   S  for  sizeof(short),  I  for  sizeof(int)  or  L  for
       sizeof(long).  If TYPE is f, SIZE may also be F  for  sizeof(float),  D
       for sizeof(double) or L for sizeof(long double).

       Adding  a z suffix to any type displays printable characters at the end
       of each output line.

   BYTES is hex with 0x or 0X prefix, and may have a multiplier suffix:
       b      512

       KB     1000

       K      1024

       MB     1000*1000

       M      1024*1024

       and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

EXAMPLES
       od -A x -t x1z -v
              Display hexdump format output

       od -A o -t oS -w16
              The default output format used by od

AUTHOR
       Written by Jim Meyering.

REPORTING BUGS
       GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       Report od translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+:  GNU
       GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This  is  free  software:  you  are free to change and redistribute it.
       There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       Full documentation at: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/od>
       or available locally via: info '(coreutils) od invocation'

GNU coreutils 8.30              September 2019                           OD(1)