autoinst
AUTOINST(1) Marc Penninga AUTOINST(1)
NAME
autoinst - wrapper around the LCDF TypeTools, for installing and using
OpenType fonts in LaTeX.
SYNOPSIS
autoinst [options] fontfile(s)
DESCRIPTION
Eddie Kohler's LCDF TypeTools are superb tools for installing OpenType
fonts in LaTeX, but they can be hard to use: they need many, often
long, command lines and don't generate the fd and sty files LaTeX
needs. autoinst simplifies the use of the TypeTools for font
installation by generating and executing all commands for otftotfm and
by creating and installing all necessary fd and sty files.
Given a family of font files (in otf or ttf format), autoinst will
create several LaTeX font families:
- Four text families (with lining and oldstyle digits, each in both
tabular and proportional variants), all with the following shapes:
n Roman (i.e., upright) text
it, sl Italic and slanted (sometimes called oblique) text
sc Small caps
scit, scsl
Italic and slanted small caps
sw Swash
nw "Upright swash"
- For each T1-encoded text family: a family of TS1-encoded symbol
fonts, in roman, italic and slanted shapes.
- Families with superiors, inferiors, numerators and denominators,
in roman, italic and slanted shapes.
- Families with "Titling" characters; these "... replace the default
glyphs with corresponding forms designed specifically for titling.
These may be all-capital and/or larger on the body, and adjusted
for viewing at larger sizes" (according to the OpenType
Specification).
- An ornament family, also in roman, italic and slanted shapes.
Of course, if your fonts don't contain italics, oldstyle digits, small
caps etc., the corresponding shapes and families are not created. In
addition, the creation of most families and shapes can be controlled by
the user (see "COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS" below).
These families use the FontPro project's naming scheme:
<FontFamily>-<Suffix>, where <Suffix> is:
LF proportional (i.e., figures have varying widths) lining figures
TLF tabular (i.e., all figures have the same width) lining figures
OsF proportional oldstyle figures
TOsF tabular oldstyle figures
Sup superior characters (note that most fonts have only an
incomplete set of superior characters: digits, some punctuation
and the letters abdeilmnorst; normal forms are used for other
characters)
Inf inferior characters; usually only digits and some punctuation,
normal forms for other characters
Titl Titling characters; see above.
Orn ornaments
Numr numerators
Dnom denominators
The individual fonts are named <FontName>-<suffix>-<shape>-<enc>, where
<suffix> is the same as above (but in lowercase), <shape> is either
empty, "sc" or "swash", and <enc> is the encoding (also in lowercase).
A typical name in this scheme would be "FiraSans-Light-osf-sc-ly1".
About the log file
autoinst writes some info about what it thinks it's doing to a log
file. By default this is called <fontfamily>.log, but this choice can
be overridden by the user; see the -logfile command-line option in
"COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS" below. If this log file already exists,
autoinst will append its data to the end rather than overwrite it. Use
the -verbose command-line option to ask for more detailed info.
A note for MiKTeX users
Automatically installing the fonts into a suitable TEXMF tree (as
autoinst tries to do by default) only works for TeX-installations that
use the kpathsea library; with TeX distributions that implement their
own directory searching (such as MiKTeX), autoinst will complain that
it cannot find the kpsewhich program and move all generated files into
a subdirectory "./autoinst_output/" of the current directory. If you
use such a TeX distribution, you should either move these files to
their correct destinations by hand, or use the -target option (see
"COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS" below) to manually specify a TEXMF tree.
Also, some OpenType fonts contain so many kerning pairs that the
resulting pl and vpl files are too big for MiKTeX's pltotf and vptovf;
the versions that come with W32TeX (http://www.w32tex.org) and TeXLive
(http://tug.org/texlive) don't seem to have this problem.
A note for MacTeX users
By default, autoinst will try to install all generated files into the
$TEXMFLOCAL tree; when this directory isn't user-writable, it will use
the $TEXMFHOME tree instead. Unfortunately, MacTeX's version of
"updmap-sys" (which is called behind the scenes) doesn't search in
$TEXMFHOME, and hence MacTeX will not find the new fonts.
To remedy this, either run autoinst as root (so that it can install
everything into $TEXMFLOCAL) or manually run "updmap -user" to tell TeX
about the files in $TEXMFHOME. The latter option does, however, have
some caveats; see https://tug.org/texlive/scripts-sys-user.html.
Using the fonts in your LaTeX documents
autoinst generates a style file for using the fonts in LaTeX documents,
named <FontFamily>.sty. This style file also takes care of loading the
fontenc and textcomp packages. To use the fonts, add the command
"\usepackage{<FontFamily>}" to the preamble of your document.
This style file defines a number of options:
"mainfont"
Redefine "\familydefault" to make this font the main font for the
document. This is a no-op if the font is installed as a serif
font; but if the font is installed as a sanserif or typewriter
font, this option saves you from having to redefine
"\familydefault" yourself.
"lining", "oldstyle", "tabular", "proportional"
Choose which figure style to use. The defaults are "oldstyle" and
"proportional" (if available).
"scale=<number>"
Scale the font by a factor of <number>. E.g., to increase the size
of the font by 5%, use "\usepackage[scale=1.05]{<FontFamily>}".
May also be spelled "scaled".
This option is only available when you have the xkeyval package
installed.
"medium", "book", "text", "regular"
Select the weight that LaTeX will use as the "regular" weight; the
default is "regular".
"heavy", "black", "extrabold", "demibold", "semibold", "bold"
Select the weight that LaTeX will use as the "bold" weight; the
default is "bold".
The previous two groups of options will only work if you have the
mweights package installed.
The style file will also try to load the fontaxes package (on CTAN),
which gives easy access to various font shapes and styles. Using the
machinery set up by fontaxes, the generated style file defines a number
of commands (which take the text to be typeset as argument) and
declarations (which don't take arguments, but affect all text up to the
end of the current group) to access titling, superior and inferior
characters:
DECLARATION COMMAND SHORT FORM OF COMMAND
\tlshape \texttitling \texttl
\sufigures \textsuperior \textsu
\infigures \textinferior \textin
In addition, the "\swshape" and "\textsw" commands are redefined to
place swash on fontaxes' secondary shape axis (fontaxes places it on
the primary shape axis) to make them behave properly when nested, so
that "\swshape\upshape" will give upright swash.
There are no commands for accessing the numerator and denominator
fonts; these can be selected using fontaxes' standard commands, e.g.,
"\fontfigurestyle{numerator}\selectfont".
The style file also provides a command "\ornament{<number>}", where
"<number>" is a number from 0 to the total number of ornaments minus
one. Ornaments are always typeset using the current family, series and
shape. A list of all ornaments in a font can be created by running
LaTeX on the file nfssfont.tex (part of a standard LaTeX installation)
and supplying the name of the ornament font.
To access ornament glyphs, autoinst creates a font-specific encoding
file <FontFamily>_orn.enc, but only if that file doesn't yet exist in
the current directory. This is a deliberate feature that allows you to
provide your own encoding vector, e.g. if your fonts use non-standard
glyph names for ornaments.
These commands are only generated for existing shapes and number
styles; no commands are generated for shapes and styles that don't
exist, or whose generation was turned off by the user. Also these
commands are built on top of fontaxes, so if that package cannot be
found, you're limited to using the lower-level commands from standard
NFSS ("\fontfamily", "\fontseries", "\fontshape" etc.).
By default, autoinst generates text fonts with OT1, LY1 and T1
encodings, and the generated style files use T1 as the default text
encoding. Other encodings can be chosen using the -encoding option
(see "COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS" below).
NFSS codes
LaTeX's New Font Selection System (NFSS) identifies fonts by a
combination of family, series (the concatenation of weight and width),
shape and size. autoinst parses the font's metadata (more precisely:
the output of "otfinfo --info") to determine these parameters. When
this fails (usually because the font family contains uncommon weights,
widths or shapes), autoinst ends up with different fonts having the
same values for these font parameters; such fonts cannot be used in
NFSS, since there's no way distinguish them. When autoinst detects
such a situation, it will print an error message and abort. If that
happens, either rerun autoinst on a smaller set of fonts, or add the
missing widths, weights and shapes to the tables "NFSS_WIDTH",
"NFSS_WEIGHT" and "NFSS_SHAPE", near the top of the source code.
Please also send a bug report (see AUTHOR below).
The mapping of shapes to NFSS codes is done using the following table:
SHAPE CODE
-------------------------------- ----
Roman, Upright n
Italic it
Oblique, Slant(ed), Incline(d) sl
(Exception: Adobe Silentium Pro contains two Roman shapes; we map the
first of these to "n", for the second one we (ab)use the "it" code as
this family doesn't contain an Italic shape.)
The mapping of weights and widths to NFSS codes is a more complex, two-
step proces. In the first step, all fonts are assigned a "series" name
that is simply the concatenation of its weight and width (after
expanding any abbreviations and converting to lowercase). A font with
"Cond" width and "Ultra" weight will then be known as
"ultrablackcondensed".
In the second step, autoinst tries to map all combinations of NFSS
codes (ul, el, l, sl, m, sb, b, eb and ub for weights; uc, ec, c, sc,
m, sx, x, ex and ux for widths) to actual fonts. Of course, not all 81
combinations of these NFSS weights and widths will map to existing
fonts; and conversely it may not be possible to assign every existing
font a unique code in a sane way (especially for the weights, some font
families offer more choices or finer granularity than NFSS's codes can
handle; e.g., Fira Sans contains fifteen(!) different weights,
including an additional "Medium" weight between Regular and Semibold).
autoinst tries hard to ensure that the most common NFSS codes (and
high-level commands such as "\bfseries", which are built on top of
those codes) will "just work".
To see exactly which NFSS codes map to which fonts, see the log file
(pro tip: run autoinst with the -dryrun option to check the chosen
mapping beforehand). The -nfssweight and -nfsswidth command-line
options can be used to finetune the mapping between NFSS codes and
fonts.
To access specific weights or widths, one can always use the
"\fontseries" command with the full series name (i.e.,
"\fontseries{demibold}\selectfont").
COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS
autoinst tries hard to do The Right Thing (TM) by default, so you
usually won't really need these options; but most aspects of its
operation can be fine-tuned if you want to.
You may use either one or two dashes before options, and option names
may be shortened to a unique prefix (e.g., -encoding may be abbreviated
to -enc or even -en, but -e is ambiguous (it may mean either -encoding
or -extra)).
-version
Print autoinst's version number and exit.
-help
Print a (relatively) short help text and exit.
-dryrun
Don't generate output; just parse input fonts and write a log file
saying what autoinst would have done.
-logfile=filename
Write log data to filename instead of the default <fontfamily>.log.
If the file already exists, autoinst appends to it; it doesn't
overwrite an existing file.
-verbose
Add more details to the log file. Repeat this option for even more
info.
-encoding=encoding[,encoding]
Generate the specified encoding(s) for the text fonts. Multiple
encodings may be specified as a comma-separated list:
"-encoding=OT1,LY1,T1" (without spaces!). The style file passes
these to otftotfm in the specified order, so the last one will
become the default text encoding of your document.
The default choice of encodings is "OT1,LY1,T1". For each
encoding, a file <encoding>.enc (in all lowercase!) should be
somewhere where otftotfm can find it. Suitable encoding files for
OT1, T1/TS1, LY1, LGR, T2A/B/C and T3/TS3 come with autoinst.
(These files are called fontools_ot1.enc etc. to avoid name clashes
with other packages; the "fontools_" prefix may be omitted.)
-ts1/-nots1
Control the creation of TS1-encoded fonts. The default is -ts1 if
the text encodings (see -encoding above) include T1, -nots1
otherwise.
-serif/-sanserif/-typewriter
Install the font as a serif, sanserif or typewriter font,
respectively. This changes how you access the font in LaTeX: with
"\rmfamily"/"\textrm", "\sffamily"/"\textsf" or
"\ttfamily"/"\texttt".
Installing the font as a typewriter font will cause two further
changes: it will - by default - turn off the use of f-ligatures
(though this can be overridden with the -ligatures option), and it
will disable hyphenation for this font. This latter effect cannot
be disabled in autoinst; if you want typewriter text to be
hyphenated, use the hyphenat package.
If none of these options is specified, autoinst tries to guess: if
the font's filename contains the string "mono" or if the field
"isFixedPitch" in the font's post table is True, it will select
-typewriter; else if the filename contains "sans" it selects
-sanserif; and otherwise it will opt for -serif.
-lining/-nolining
Control the creation of fonts with lining figures. The default is
-lining.
-oldstyle/-nooldstyle
Control the creation of fonts with oldstyle figures. The default is
-oldstyle.
-proportional/-noproportional
Control the creation of fonts with proportional figures. The
default is -proportional.
-tabular/-notabular
Control the creation of fonts with tabular figures. The default is
-tabular.
-smallcaps/-nosmallcaps
Control the creation of small caps fonts. The default is
-smallcaps.
-swash/-noswash
Control the creation of swash fonts. The default is -swash.
-titling/-notitling
Control the creation of titling families. The default is -titling.
-superiors/-nosuperiors
Control the creation of fonts with superior characters. The
default is -superiors.
-noinferiors
-inferiors [= none | auto | subs | sinf | dnom ]
The OpenType standard defines several kinds of digits that might be
used as inferiors or subscripts: "Subscripts" (OpenType feature
"subs"), "Scientific Inferiors" ("sinf"), and "Denominators"
("dnom"). This option allows the user to determine which of these
styles autoinst should use for the inferior characters.
Alternatively, the value "auto" tells autoinst to use the first
value in "subs", "sinf" or "dnom" that is supported by the font.
Saying just -inferiors is equivalent to -inferiors=auto; otherwise
the default is -noinferiors.
If you specify a style of inferiors that isn't present in the font,
autoinst will fall back to its default behaviour of not creating
fonts with inferiors at all; it won't try to substitute one of the
other styles.
-fractions/-nofractions
Control the creation of fonts with numerators and denominators.
The default is -nofractions.
-ligatures/-noligatures
Some fonts create glyphs for the standard f-ligatures (ff, fi, fl,
ffi, ffl), but don't provide a "liga" feature to access these.
This option tells autoinst to add extra "LIGKERN" rules to the
generated fonts to enable the use of these ligatures. The default
is -ligatures, unless the user specified the -typewriter option.
Specify -noligatures to disable the generation of ligatures even
for fonts that do contain a "liga" feature.
-defaultlining/-defaultoldstyle
-defaulttabular/-defaultproportional
Tell autoinst which figure style is the current font family's
default (i.e., which figures you get when you don't specify any
OpenType features).
Don't use these options unless you are certain you need them! They
are only needed for fonts that don't provide OpenType features for
their default figure style; and even in that case, autoinst's
default values (-defaultlining and -defaulttabular) are usually
correct.
-nofigurekern
Some fonts provide kerning pairs for tabular figures. This is very
probably not what you want (e.g., numbers in tables won't line up
exactly). This option adds extra --ligkern options to the
commands for otftotfm to suppress such kerns. Note that this
option leads to very long commands (it adds one hundred --ligkern
options), which may cause problems on some systems.
-mergewidths/-nomergewidths, -mergeweights/-nomergeweights,
-mergeshapes/-nomergeshapes
Some font put different widths, weights or shapes (e.g., small
caps) in separate families. These options tell autoinst to merge
those separate families into the main family. Since this is
usually desirable, they are all enabled by default.
In earlier versions, -mergeshapes was called -mergesmallcaps; for
reasons of backward compatibility, that option is still supported.
-nfssweight=code=weight, -nfsswidth=code=width
Map the NFSS code code to the given weight or width, overriding the
built-in tables. Each of these options may be given multiple
times, to override more than one NFSS code. Example: to map the
"ul" code to the "Thin" weight, use "-nfssweight=ul=thin". To
inhibit the use of the "ul" code completely, use "-nfssweight=ul=".
-extra=text
Append text as extra options to the command lines for otftotfm. To
prevent text from accidentily being interpreted as options to
autoinst, it should be properly quoted.
-manual
Manual mode; for users who want to post-process the generated files
and commands. By default, autoinst immediately executes all
otftotfm commands it generates; in manual mode, these are instead
written to a file autoinst.bat. Furthermore it tells otftotfm to
generate human readable (and editable) pl/vpl files instead of the
default tfm/vf ones, and to place all generated files in a
subdirectory "./autoinst_output/" of the current directory, rather
than install them into your TeX installation.
When using this option, you need to execute the following manual
steps after autoinst has finished:
- run pltotf and vptovf on the generated pl and vf files, to
convert them to tfm/vf format;
- move all generated files to a proper TEXMF tree, and, if
necessary, update the filename database;
- tell TeX about the new map file (usually by running "updmap" or
similar).
Note that some options (-target, -vendor and -typeface,
-[no]updmap) are meaningless, and hence ignored, in manual mode.
-target=DIRECTORY
Install all generated files into the TEXMF tree at DIRECTORY.
By default, autoinst searches the $TEXMFLOCAL and $TEXMFHOME trees
and installs all files into the first user-writable TEXMF tree it
finds. If autoinst cannot find such a user-writable directory
(which shouldn't happen, since $TEXMFHOME is supposed to be user-
writable) it will print a warning message and put all files into
the subdirectory "./autoinst_output/" of the current directory.
It's then up to the user to move the generated files to a better
location and update all relevant databases (usually by calling
texhash and updmap).
WARNING: using this option may interfere with kpathsea and updmap
(especially when the chosen directory is outside the standard TEXMF
trees), so using -target will disable the automatic call to updmap
(as if -noupdmap had been given). It is up to the user to manually
update all databases (i.e., by calling texhash and updmap or
similar).
-vendor=VENDOR
-typeface=TYPEFACE
These options are equivalent to otftotfm's --vendor and
--typeface options: they change the "vendor" and "typeface" parts
of the names of the subdirectories in the TEXMF tree where
generated files will be stored. The default values are "lcdftools"
and the font's FontFamily name.
Note that these options change only directory names, not the names
of any generated files.
-updmap/-noupdmap
Control whether or not updmap is called after the last call to
otftotfm. The default is -updmap.
SEE ALSO
Eddie Kohler's TypeTools (http://www.lcdf.org/type).
Perl can be obtained from http://www.perl.org; it is included in most
Linux distributions. For Windows, try ActivePerl
(http://www.activestate.com) or Strawberry Perl
(http://strawberryperl.com).
XeTeX (http://www.tug.org/xetex) and LuaTeX (http://www.luatex.org) are
Unicode-aware TeX engines that can use OpenType fonts directly, without
any (La)TeX-specific support files.
The FontPro project (https://github.com/sebschub/FontPro) offers very
complete LaTeX support (even for typesetting maths) for Adobe's Minion
Pro, Myriad Pro and Cronos Pro font families.
AUTHOR
Marc Penninga (marcpenninga@gmail.com)
When sending a bug report, please give as much relevant information as
possible; this usually includes (but may not be limited to) the log
file (please add the -verbose command-line option, for extra info). If
you see any error messages, please include these verbatim; don't
paraphase.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2005-2020 Marc Penninga.
LICENSE
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or (at your
option) any later version. A copy of the text of the GNU General
Public License is included in the fontools distribution; see the file
GPLv2.txt.
DISCLAIMER
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
General Public License for more details.
VERSION
This document describes autoinst version 20200129.
RECENT CHANGES
(See the source for the full story, all the way back to 2005.)
2020-01-29 Don't create empty subdirectories in the target TEXMF tree.
2019-11-18 Fine-tuned calling of kpsewhich on Windows (patch by Akira
Kakuto). The font info parsing now also recognises
numerical weights, e.g. in Museo.
2019-10-29 The generated style files now use T1 as the default text
encoding.
2019-10-27 The mapping in fd files between font series and standard
NFSS attributes now uses the new alias function instead of
ssub (based on code by Frank Mittelbach). The way otftotfm
is called was changed to work around a Perl/Windows bug;
the old way might cause the process to hang. Using the
-target option now implies -noupdmap, since choosing a non-
standard target directory interferes with kpathsea/texhash
and updmap.
2019-10-01 Handle -target directories with spaces in their path names.
Tweaked messages and logs to make them more useful to the
user.
2019-07-12 Replaced single quotes in calls to otfinfo with double
quotes, as they caused problems on Windows 10.
2019-06-25
- Added the -mergeweights and -mergeshapes options, and
improved -mergewidths.
- Improved the parsing of fonts' widths and weights.
- Improved the mapping of widths and weights to NFSS
codes.
- Changed logging code so that that results of font info
parsing are always logged, even (especially!) when
parsing fails.
- Added a warning when installing fonts from multiple
families.
- Added simple recognition for sanserif and typewriter
fonts.
- Fixed error checking after calls to otfinfo (autoinst
previously only checked whether "fork()" was successful,
not whether the actual call to otfinfo worked).
- Fixed a bug in the -inferiors option; when used without
a (supposedly optional) value, it would silently gobble
the next option instead.
2019-05-22 Added the mainfont option to the generated sty files.
Prevented hyphenation for typewriter fonts (added
"\hyphenchar\font=-1" to the "\DeclareFontFamily"
declarations). Added the -version option.
2019-05-17 Changed the way the -ligatures option works: -ligatures
enables f-ligatures (even without a "liga" feature),
-noligatures now disables f-ligatures (overriding a "liga"
feature).
2019-05-11 Separate small caps families are now also recognised when
the family name ends with "SC" (previously autoinst only
looked for "SmallCaps").
2019-04-22 Fixed a bug in the generation of swash shapes.
2019-04-19 Fixed a bug that affected -mergesmallcaps with multiple
encodings.
2019-04-16 Added the <-mergesmallcaps> option, to handle cases where
the small caps fonts are in separate font families.
Titling shape is now treated as a separate family instead
of a distinct shape; it is generated only for fonts with
the 'titl' feature. Only add f-ligatures to fonts when
explicitly asked to (-ligatures).
2019-04-11 Tried to make the log file more relevant. Added the
-nfssweight and -nfsswidth options, and finetuned the
automatic mapping between fonts and NFSS codes. Changed
the name of the generated log file to <fontfamily>.log, and
revived the -logfile option to allow overriding this
choice. Made -mergewidths the default (instead of
-nomergewidths).
2019-04-01 Fine-tuned the decision where to put generated files; in
particular, create $TEXMFHOME if it doesn't already exist
and $TEXMFLOCAL isn't user-writable.
In manual mode, or when we can't find a user-writable TEXMF
tree, put all generated files into a subdirectory
"./autoinst_output/" instead of all over the current
working directory.
Added "auto" value to the inferiors option, to tell
autoinst to use whatever inferior characters are available.
2019-03-14 Overhauled the mapping of fonts (more specifically of
weights and widths; the mapping of shapes didn't change) to
NFSS codes. Instead of inventing our own codes to deal
with every possible weight and width out there, we now
create "long" codes based on the names in the font
metadata. Then we add "ssub" rules to the fd files to map
the standard NFSS codes to our fancy names (see the section
NFSS codes; based on discussions with Frank Mittelbach and
Bob Tennent).
fontools 2020-01-29 AUTOINST(1)
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